Less Than Truckload (LTL) shipping is a cost-effective and efficient option for businesses looking to transport smaller freight quantities without needing to book an entire truck.
However, one of the key aspects of LTL shipping that shippers must grasp is freight classifications.
Freight classification plays a crucial role in determining shipping rates, so having a clear understanding of how it works is essential to getting the most bang for your buck. In this blog post, we'll provide a comprehensive guide to help shippers understand LTL freight classifications.
Freight classification is a standardized system used to categorize goods based on various factors such as density, stowability, handling, and liability. The National Motor Freight Classification (NMFC) system is commonly used in the United States to assign freight classes to different types of cargo.
The NMFC considers several factors when determining freight class, including density (pounds per cubic foot), value, handling requirements, fragility, and special characteristics (e.g., hazardous materials). Higher freight classes typically indicate higher shipping rates.
The NMFC assigns freight into 18 different classes ranging from Class 50 (lowest) to Class 500 (highest). Each class corresponds to a specific range of density and characteristics, with Class 50 representing the least dense and easiest to handle freight, while Class 500 represents the densest and most difficult to handle.
Shippers can determine the appropriate freight class for their goods by consulting the NMFC book or using online resources provided by carriers and freight brokers. It's crucial to accurately describe the characteristics of the freight, including dimensions, weight, packaging, and any special handling requirements. This saves time, reduces the risk of delay, and of course- can save on costs. Here’s how…
Freight class directly impacts shipping rates in LTL shipping. Higher freight classes result in higher shipping costs, while lower classes are associated with lower rates. That’s why shippers should strive to optimize packaging and handling to minimize freight class and reduce shipping expenses.
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